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info@vivavel.com+919818262686+919818262686Hydrocephalus happens when too much cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) builds up in the brain's ventricles, which are fluid-filled spaces. This extra fluid puts pressure on the brain, making the skull swell. The brain usually needs a balanced amount of CSF to work properly. When there's too much, it can damage brain tissue and affect brain function. Symptoms may include headaches, balance problems, and changes in vision. In babies, hydrocephalus might cause an unusually large head and bulging eyes. It might lead to confusion, memory problems, and difficulty walking in older children and adults. Doctors diagnose hydrocephalus through brain imaging like MRIs or CT scans. Treatment often involves surgery to place a shunt, a tube that helps drain the excess fluid and relieves pressure. Many people can manage their symptoms and lead normal lives with proper treatment.
Symptoms can vary based on age and the severity of hydrocephalus:
In Infants:
Rapid head growth: An unusually large or bulging head.
Soft spot: A bulging fontanel (also known as a soft spot on the head).
Vomiting: Frequent or severe vomiting.
Sleepiness: Excessive drowsiness or irritability.
Seizures: Uncontrolled movements or convulsions.
In Children and Adults:
Headaches: Persistent or severe headaches.
Nausea and vomiting: Feeling sick to your stomach and vomiting.
Vision problems: Blurred or double vision.
Difficulty walking: Trouble with balance and coordination.
Cognitive issues: Problems with memory, thinking, or concentration.
Urinary problems: Incontinence or frequent urination.
Various factors can cause hydrocephalus:
Congenital: Present at birth due to developmental abnormalities or genetic factors.
Acquired: Develops after birth due to conditions such as:
Brain injury: Trauma or bleeding in the brain.
Infections: Conditions like meningitis or encephalitis.
Tumors: Growths in the brain that block CSF flow.
Stroke: Interruptions in blood flow to the brain.
Hydrocephalus ex vacuo: Brain shrinkage due to brain injury or illness.
Seek medical help if you experience:
Persistent or severe headaches
Sudden changes in vision or balance
Nausea or vomiting that doesn't improve
Seizures or unexplained convulsions
Rapid head growth in infants
Cognitive or memory issues that worsen over time
Doctors use several tests to diagnose hydrocephalus:
Physical examination: Assessment of symptoms and physical signs.
Imaging tests:
MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Provides detailed images of the brain and CSF flow.
CT scan (Computed Tomography): This scan provides detailed images of the brain and ventricles.
Ultrasound: In infants, an ultrasound of the brain can detect abnormalities.
Do's:
Follow medical advice: Adhere to prescribed treatments and follow-up appointments.
Monitor symptoms: Keep track of any changes in symptoms and report them to your healthcare provider.
Engage in therapy: Participate in physical or occupational therapy as recommended by your healthcare provider.
Maintain regular check-ups: Regular visits to the doctor to monitor the condition and adjust treatment if necessary.
Stay hydrated: Drink enough water to support overall health.
Don'ts:
Don't ignore symptoms: Seek medical attention promptly if symptoms worsen or new ones arise.
Avoid skipping follow-ups: Regular check-ups are essential for managing hydrocephalus effectively.
Don't stop medication abruptly: Follow your doctor's instructions regarding any medications.
Avoid strenuous activities, particularly if your healthcare provider advises against them.
Disclaimer:
Our medical content authors have diligently gathered and synthesized information on this topic to offer valuable insights to our readers. Drawing from a range of reputable medical journals and health resources, this content aims to enhance understanding of the subject. It's essential to remember that while this information is informative, it should not replace personalized consultation or treatment from a qualified healthcare professional. For further details, please refer to our Editorial Policy.
For this topic, our authors used some of the following resources:
Cleveland Clinic | Hydrocephalus
Mayoclinic| Hydrocephalus/diagnosis-treatment
Medicalnewstoday | What is hydrocephalus, or water on the brain?
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