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Medical Treatments

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy, often called "chemo," is a cancer treatment that uses potent drugs to kill cancer cells. These drugs target and destroy cells that proliferate, like cancer cells. Unfortunately, chemotherapy also affects some healthy cells, such as those in the hair, skin, and digestive system. This can cause side effects like hair loss, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, and a weakened immune system.
Chemo is given in cycles, allowing the body time to recover between treatments. It can be used alone or combined with other treatments like surgery or radiation. The type and amount of chemotherapy depend on the cancer type and stage. Some people receive chemotherapy through an IV, while others may take pills or have injections. Although chemotherapy can have side effects, many of them go away after treatment is finished. This powerful treatment helps stop the spread of cancer and can shrink tumors, improving the chances of recovery.

Signs & Symptoms

 Chemotherapy is used to treat many types of cancer. The symptoms of cancer depend on its type and stage, but some general signs include:

  • Unexplained weight loss.
  • Fatigue or extreme tiredness.
  • Persistent pain.
  • Changes in skin, such as yellowing, darkening, or redness.
  • Lump or swelling in any part of the body.
  • Changes in bowel or bladder habits.
  • Unusual bleeding or discharge.
Causes

 Chemotherapy is prescribed for several reasons:

  • Destroy cancer cells: Chemo targets rapidly growing cells.
  • Shrink tumors: It can reduce the size of cancer before surgery or radiation.
  • Prevent cancer spread: Chemo may stop cancer from spreading to other parts of the body.
  • Relieve symptoms: In advanced cancer, chemo may help alleviate pain and other symptoms.
When to seek medical attention?

 You should contact your healthcare provider immediately if you experience:

  • High fever: Indicates a possible infection, which can be serious.
  • Severe pain or unusual swelling: Especially if it's sudden or doesn't go away.
  • Unexplained bruising or bleeding: Chemotherapy affects blood cells, and these symptoms could signal a problem.
  • Difficulty in breathing or chest pain.
  • Severe nausea or vomiting: Especially if you can't keep liquids down.
Diagnostics & Tests

 Before starting chemotherapy, several tests are usually done to understand the cancer type and assess overall health:

  • Biopsy: A small tissue sample is taken to check for cancer cells.
  • Blood tests: determine how well your organs function and evaluate blood cell counts.
  • Imaging tests: X-rays, CT scans, MRIs, and PET scans are used to determine the cancer's location and size.
  • Heart and lung function tests: Some chemo-drugs affect these organs, so baseline tests are needed.
Do’s & Don’ts

 Do's:

  • Stay hydrated: Drink plenty of water to help your body process the drugs.
  • Eat a balanced diet: Even though chemo can affect appetite, try to eat nutritious meals.
  • Practice good hygiene: Wash hands frequently to reduce infection risk.
  • Rest often: Chemo can cause fatigue, so take breaks and sleep when needed.
  • Monitor side effects: Monitor how you feel and communicate with your doctor.
  • Take prescribed medications: Anti-nausea or pain medications can help manage side effects.

 Don'ts:

  • Avoid raw or undercooked foods: Your immune system is weaker, so reduce the risk of infection from foodborne illnesses.
  • Stay away from crowded places: Exposure to germs can be dangerous during chemotherapy.
  • Don't skip appointments: Regular blood tests and check-ups help monitor your response to treatment.
  • Avoid overexertion: Chemotherapy can lower energy levels, so it's important not to push yourself too hard.
  • Don't take over-the-counter supplements: Always check with your doctor before taking any vitamins or herbal supplements.

 

NOTE:

Our medical content authors have diligently gathered and synthesized information on this topic to offer valuable insights to our readers. Drawing from a range of reputable medical journals and health resources, this content aims to enhance understanding of the subject. It's important to remember that while this information is informative, it should not replace personalized consultation or treatment from a qualified physician. For further details, please refer to our Editorial Policy.

For this topic, our authors used some of the following resources:

American Cancer Society | Chemotherapy

National Cancer Institute | Chemotherapy to Treat Cancer

NHS | Chemotherapy

MedlinePlus | Cancer Chemotherapy

Frequently Asked Questions For Chemotherapy

Some forms of chemotherapy, such as oral medications, can be taken at home. However, IV or injection-based treatments require visits to a clinic or hospital.

The duration of chemotherapy varies depending on the type and stage of cancer. Treatment can last from a few months to over a year, with cycles of treatment and rest.

Many people continue working during chemotherapy, but it depends on how the treatment affects you. Fatigue and other side effects might make it challenging to maintain your regular schedule.

In some cases, chemotherapy can cure cancer, especially when combined with other treatments like surgery or radiation. In other cases, it controls cancer growth or eases symptoms.

Some forms of chemotherapy, such as oral medications, can be taken at home. However, IV or injection-based treatments require visits to a clinic or hospital.

Some chemotherapy drugs can affect fertility. It's important to discuss fertility preservation options with your doctor before starting treatment.

Best Hospitals in Chemotherapy

Explore All Hospitals in Chemotherapy
Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi – JCI-accredited multispecialty hospital offering world-class healthcare with cutting-edge infrastructure.
Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket

Press Enclave Road, Saket, New Delhi

Max Super Speciality Hospital, Patparganj, Delhi, India
Max Super Speciality Hospital, Patparganj

Max Super Speciality Hospital, 108A, I.P Extension, Patparganj, New Delhi, Delhi, 110092, India

Max Super Speciality Hospital, Vaishali – trusted hospital near Delhi for global patients via VivaVel.com
Max Super Speciality Hospital, Vaishali

Near Radisson Blu Hotel, Sector 1, Vaishali Ghaziabad, 201012 India

BLK-MAX Super Specialty Hospital, Delhi – State-of-the-art medical facility
BLK-MAX Super Specialty Hospital

Pusa Road, Radha Soami Satsang, Rajendra Place New Delhi, 110005 India

Accord Superspeciality Hospital, a leading healthcare facility in Faridabad, offering advanced treatments with modern infrastructure.
Accord Superspeciality Hospital

Budena Village, Sector 86, Faridabad, Haryana 121002, India

High-tech medical equipment at Artemis Hospital, Gurgaon, ensuring accurate diagnostics and advanced treatment solutions.
Artemis Hospital

Artemis Hospitals Sector 51, Gurugram 122001 Haryana, India

Top Doctors in Chemotherapy

Explore All Doctors in Chemotherapy
Pooja Agarwal
  • Dr. Pooja Agarwal
  • Consultant (Visiting) – Breast Surgery
  • General Surgeon
  • 10 Years Experience
  • Manipal Hospital (E.M. Bypass), Kolkata

Dr. Pooja Agarwal stands out as one of the oncologists in Kolkata, specializing in breast cancer surgery. With over 10 years of experience, she has earned a reputatio...

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Harshvardhan Atreya
  • Dr. Harshvardhan Atreya
  • Medical Oncology
  • Medical Oncology, Cancer Care
  • 19 Years Experience
  • Medanta Super Speciality Hospital, Lucknow

Dr. Harsh Vardhan Atreya is a prominent Consultant Medical & Hemato-Oncologist specializing in Bone Marrow Transplantation. With training from esteemed institutio...

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Imran Khan
  • Dr. Imran Khan
  • Associate Consultant
  • Oncology | Medical Oncology
  • 12 Years Experience
  • Fortis Escorts Heart Institute

Dr. Imran Khan has joined Fortis Escorts in Okhla Road, New Delhi, as an Associate Consultant in Medical Oncology. He brings over 12 years of experience in oncology. ...

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Harit Chaturvedi
  • Dr. Harit Chaturvedi
  • Chairman - Max Institute Of Cancer Care
  • Cancer Care / Oncology, Thoracic Oncolog...
  • 33 Years Experience
  • Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket

Dr. Harit K Chaturvedi heads the Max Institute of Cancer Care. He has been with Max Healthcare since 2009 and has worked hard to create one of the best cancer treatme...

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Asit Arora
  • Dr. Asit Arora
  • Senior Director
  • Surgical Oncologist | Gastrointestinal &...
  • 20 Years Experience
  • Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket

Dr. Asit Arora is a highly regarded Surgical Gastroenterologist specializing in Gastrointestinal and Hepat-pancreato-biliary (HPB) surgery. He is based in the Delhi N...

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Nikhil Agrawal
  • Dr. Nikhil Agrawal
  • Senior Director
  • Cancer Care / Oncology, Surgical Oncolog...
  • 21 Years Experience
  • Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket

Dr. Nikhil Agrawal is a distinguished Gastrointestinal (GI) and Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary (HPB) Surgical Oncologist, serving as the Director of GI-HPB Surgery and Oncology at ...

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