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Medical Treatments

Blood Cancer

Blood cancer is a type of cancer that affects the blood, bone marrow, or lymphatic system. It prevents blood cells from working properly, making it harder for the body to fight infections or prevent bleeding. There are three primary types of blood cancer.

The first is leukemia, which starts in the blood or bone marrow and disrupts the production of blood cells, making it difficult for the body to fight infections.

The second is lymphoma, which starts in the lymphatic system, a part of the immune system that helps remove waste and fight infections. Lymphoma can lead to swelling in the lymph nodes, making it difficult for the body to defend itself against diseases.

The third type is myeloma, which affects plasma cells. Plasma cells are white blood cells that produce antibodies to fight infections, and myeloma makes these cells behave abnormally.

Blood cancers are treated using therapies such as chemotherapy, radiation, or bone marrow transplants. Early detection and treatment can significantly improve the chances of managing the disease.

Signs & Symptoms

 Symptoms of blood cancer can be vague and often mimic other illnesses. Common signs include:

  • Persistent fatigue or weakness,
  • Frequent infections or fevers,
  • Unexplained weight loss,
  • Bone or joint pain,
  • Easy bruising or bleeding,
  • Swollen lymph nodes, especially in the neck, armpits, or groin,
  • Night sweats,
  • Shortness of breath,
  • Paleness or anemia.

Since many things can cause these symptoms, it's essential to consult a doctor for a proper diagnosis.

Causes

 The exact cause of blood cancer isn't known, but it typically starts with genetic changes (mutations) in the blood cells. This abnormal change causes cells to grow uncontrollably or not die when they should, leading to cancer.
Factors that might contribute to blood cancers include:

  • Exposure to high levels of radiation or chemicals,
  • Genetic predisposition (family history),
  • Immune system disorders,
  • Certain infections (e.g., Epstein-Barr virus, HIV).
When to seek medical attention?

 If you experience any of the symptoms listed above, especially if they last more than a few weeks, consult a healthcare provider. Early diagnosis and treatment improve outcomes. Immediate attention is required if:

  • You experience unexplained, severe fatigue,
  • You have persistent or severe infections,
  • You have unusual bruising or bleeding.
Diagnostics & Tests

 To diagnose blood cancer, doctors may run the following tests:

  • Blood tests: Checking the levels of different blood cells (e.g., complete blood count or CBC).
  • Bone marrow biopsy: A small sample of bone marrow is taken to look for abnormal cells.
  • Imaging tests: CT scans or MRIs for tumors or enlarged lymph nodes.
  • Lymph node biopsy: A lymph tissue sample may be tested if lymphoma is suspected.
  • Genetic tests: Identifying specific gene mutations that cause blood cancer.
Do’s & Don’ts

 Do's:

  • Get regular check-ups, especially if you are at risk or have a family history of blood cancer.
  • Follow a healthy lifestyle: A balanced diet and regular exercise can help maintain general health.
  • Stay informed: Learn about your condition, treatment options, and possible side effects.
  • Take prescribed medications: Follow your treatment plan strictly and discuss any side effects with your doctor.
  • Manage stress: Mental well-being is crucial during treatment.

 Don'ts:

  • Avoid smoking: Smoking increases the risk of developing many cancers.
  • Don't skip follow-up appointments: Continuous monitoring ensures the treatment works.
  • Avoid infections: Blood cancer weakens the immune system, so avoid sick people and maintain good hygiene.
  • Don't ignore symptoms: If new or old symptoms worsen, contact your doctor.

Frequently Asked Questions For Blood Cancer

Some blood cancers, especially if detected early, can be treated successfully. However, treatment may be ongoing for some types.

Common symptoms include: Unexplained weight loss Persistent fatigue or weakness Fever or chills Frequent infections Easy bruising or bleeding Bone or joint pain Swollen lymph nodes

The exact cause of blood cancer is unknown, but risk factors include genetic predispositions, exposure to radiation or certain chemicals, immune system disorders, and viral infections.

Blood cancers primarily include three main types: Leukemia: Cancer of the bone marrow and blood. Lymphoma: Cancer of the lymphatic system. Myeloma: Cancer of the plasma cells in the bone marrow.

Diagnosis involves blood tests, bone marrow biopsy, imaging tests like CT or MRI scans, and sometimes genetic testing to identify abnormalities.

The survival rate varies depending on the type of blood cancer and the stage at which it is diagnosed. With modern treatments, many people live long lives with blood cancer.

Blood cancer cells can spread (metastasize) to different body parts, including organs and bones.

Some types of blood cancer have a genetic link, but not all cases are inherited. Environmental factors also play a role.

Best Hospitals in Blood Cancer

Explore All Hospitals in Blood Cancer
BLK-MAX Super Specialty Hospital, Delhi – State-of-the-art medical facility
BLK-MAX Super Specialty Hospital

Pusa Road, Radha Soami Satsang, Rajendra Place New Delhi, 110005 India

High-tech medical equipment at Artemis Hospital, Gurgaon, ensuring accurate diagnostics and advanced treatment solutions.
Artemis Hospital

Artemis Hospitals Sector 51, Gurugram 122001 Haryana, India

SHALBY Sanar International Hospital, Gurugram – trusted healthcare destination for global patients via VivaVel.com
SHALBY Sanar International Hospitals, Gurugram

Golf Course Rd, Parsvnath Exotica, DLF Phase 5, Sector 53, Gurugram, Haryana Gurgaon, 122022 India

PARAS Health, Gurugram – top multispecialty hospital for international patients via VivaVel.com
PARAS Health, Gurugram

C-1, Sushant Lok- 1, Sector-43, Phase- I, Gurugram, Haryana, 122002

Amrita Hospital, Faridabad – India's largest multispecialty hospital with cutting-edge healthcare infrastructure and global standards.
Amrita Hospital

Mata Amritanandamayi Marg, Sector 88, Faridabad, Haryana, India 121002

High-end cardiac and orthopedic surgery at Max Hospital Dehradun – trusted by overseas patients with VivaVel.com support
Max Super Speciality Hospital, Dehradun

Mussoorie, Diversion Road, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248001

Top Doctors in Blood Cancer

Explore All Doctors in Blood Cancer
A. V. S. Suresh
  • Dr. A. V. S. Suresh
  • Senior Consultant
  • Medical Oncology | Hematology
  • 21 Years Experience
  • Continental Hospitals

Dr. A. V. S. Suresh is a distinguished Senior Consultant Medical Oncologist and Hematologist at Continental Hospitals, Hyderabad. With over two decades of clinical ex...

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Gaurav Dixit
  • Dr. Gaurav Dixit
  • Unit Head Of Hemato-Oncology
  • Hematology | Bone Marrow Transplantation...
  • 13 Years Experience
  • Artemis Hospital

Dr. Gaurav Dixit is a highly experienced Hematologist and Bone Marrow Transplant (BMT) Specialist who currently leads the Haemato-Oncology Unit at Artemis Hospital, Gurugram....

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Rayaz Ahmed
  • Dr. Rayaz Ahmed
  • Senior Director - Oncology
  • Oncologist | Hematologist
  • 14 Years Experience
  • Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket

Dr. Rayaz Ahmed is a director with expertise in Cancer Care/Oncology, Bone Marrow Transplant, Hematology Oncology, and hematology (Hematology) at Max Super Speciality Hospita...

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Soumya Bhattacharya
  • Dr. Soumya Bhattacharya
  • Consultant
  • Haematologist
  • 25 Years Experience
  • Apollo Gleneagles Hospital, Kolkata

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Roshan Dikshit
  • Dr. Roshan Dikshit
  • Senior Consultant
  • Hematologist & Transplant Specialist
  • 16 Years Experience
  • Aakash Healthcare Super Speciality Hospital, Dwarka

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Nitin Sood
  • Dr. Nitin Sood
  • Vice Chairman
  • Haemato-Oncology & Bone Marrow Transplan...
  • 29 Years Experience
  • Medanta - The Medicity, Gurgaon

Dr. Nitin Sood is a distinguished Clinical Hematologist, Hemato-Oncologist, and Bone Marrow Transplant Specialist with nearly thirty years of clinical, academic, and research exper...

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