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Congenital Heart Disorder (CHD)

Congenital Heart Disorder (CHD) is a condition where a person is born with a heart defect. It could be a problem with the heart's structure, like the walls or valves, or how blood flows through the heart. It can range from mild to severe.

Signs & Symptoms

 Symptoms of Congenital Heart Disorders can vary, but common signs include :

  • Cyanosis: Bluish tint to the skin, lips, and fingernails.
  • Shortness of breath.
  • Fatigue: Especially during feeding (in infants) or exercise.
  • Poor weight gain in infants.
  • Swelling in the legs, abdomen, or areas around the eyes.
  • Heart murmurs: Unusual sounds heard during a heartbeat.

Causes

 Congenital Heart Disorder (CHD) issues can arise from different conditions, including:

  • Chromosomal abnormalities or inherited conditions.
  • Environmental factors: Maternal infections, medications, or substance abuse during pregnancy.
  • Unknown causes: In many cases, the exact cause is not identified.

When to seek medical attention?

 It’s essential to consult a doctor if you experience:

  • Difficulty breathing.
  • Bluish skin color.
  • Poor feeding or growth in infants.
  • Excessive fatigue during physical activity.
  • Swelling in the extremities.

Risk Factors

 Several factors can increase the risk of Congenital Heart Disorder (CHD):

  • Family history of congenital heart defects.
  • Maternal conditions: Diabetes, obesity, or infections during pregnancy.
  • Medications: Certain drugs taken during pregnancy.
  • Substance abuse: Alcohol or drug use during pregnancy.

Diagnostic & Test

 To diagnose Congenital Heart Disorder (CHD), your doctor may recommend:

  • Echocardiogram: Ultrasound of the heart.
  • Electrocardiogram (ECG): Measures electrical activity of the heart.
  • Chest X-ray: Images of the heart and lungs.
  • Pulse oximetry: Measures oxygen levels in the blood.
  • Cardiac catheterization: Invasive procedure to assess heart function.

Treatment Procedure

 Procedures for treating Congenital Heart Disorder (CHD):

  • Medications: To manage symptoms and improve heart function.
  • Catheter procedures: Minimally invasive techniques to repair defects.
  • Surgery: To correct more severe defects.
  • Heart transplant: In rare, severe cases.

Do’s & Don’ts

 Do's:

  • Follow all doctor's instructions regarding medications and care.
  • Attend regular checkups with a cardiologist.
  • Keep a balanced diet and maintain a healthy weight.
  • Engage in light physical activity if allowed by the doctor.
  • Get vaccinated, especially for flu and other infections.

 Don'ts:

  • Don't ignore symptoms like shortness of breath or chest pain.
  • Don't skip medications or doctor's appointments.
  • Don't smoke or expose the child to passive smoke.
  • Don't engage in strenuous physical activities without a doctor's advice.

FAQ’s For Congenital Heart Disorder (CHD)

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FAQ's For Congenital Heart Disorder (CHD)

Many CHDs can be treated or managed through surgery, medication, or other procedures, allowing people to live a normal life.
Some people with CHD may need lifelong care, including medications, checkups, and possible future surgeries.
Some defects are found during pregnancy, while others may be diagnosed shortly after birth or later in childhood.
It depends on the type and severity of the defect. Always consult a doctor before allowing strenuous activity.
Some forms of CHD can be passed down in families, but not always.

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