Understanding Mental Health
Mental health is a person’s overall emotional, psychological, and social well-being. It influences how individuals think, feel, and interact with others and how they handle stress and make decisions. Good mental health enables individuals to cope with life’s challenges, build meaningful relationships, and contribute productively to their communities.
Mental health conditions, however, disrupt this balance. Conditions such as anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia can impair functioning, relationships, and quality of life. They may manifest through persistent sadness, excessive fear, erratic mood swings, or distorted perceptions. These conditions often stem from genetic, biological, environmental, and psychological factors.
Defining Disability
Disability is an umbrella term encompassing impairments that may be physical, sensory, cognitive, intellectual, or mental. Disabilities vary widely in origin, severity, and impact. They may be congenital (present from birth) or acquired due to illness, injury, or aging. Examples include vision or hearing loss, mobility issues, developmental disorders like autism, and chronic health conditions such as multiple sclerosis.
The social model of disability emphasizes that societal barriers, rather than impairments alone, create disability. For instance, lack of wheelchair access in public spaces or limited availability of sign language interpreters hinders participation more than the impairment itself.
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